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In rail transport, a train is a vehicle or (more frequently) a string of vehicles capable of being moved along a continuous line of rails or other guideway for the purpose of conveying freight or passengers between points on a predetermined route. The train may be hauled or propelled by one or more vehicles designed exclusively for that purpose (locomotives) or may be driven by a number of motors incorporated in all or several of the vehicles (multiple units).

As of 2018^[update], there are approximately 1,052,000 kilometres (654,000 mi) of railway track in use worldwide. (World Bank (via Archive.org))

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Selected article of the week

The Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway (GNP&BR), also known as the Piccadilly tube, was a railway company established in 1902 that constructed a deep-level underground "tube" railway in London. The GNP&BR was formed through a merger of two older companies, the Brompton and Piccadilly Circus Railway (B&PCR) and the Great Northern and Strand Railway (GN&SR). It also incorporated part of a tube route planned by a third company, the Metropolitan District Railway (MDR). The combined company was a subsidiary of the Underground Electric Railways Company of London Limited (UERL). The B&PCR and the GN&SR were established in 1896 and 1898 respectively but construction of both railways was delayed while funding was sought. In 1902, the UERL, which already controlled the MDR, took control of both companies and quickly raised the funds, mainly from foreign investors. A number of different routes were planned, but most were rejected by Parliament. When it opened in 1906, the GNP&BR's line served 22 stations and ran for 14.17 kilometres (8.80 mi) between its western terminus at Hammersmith and its northern terminus at Finsbury Park. A short 720 metres (2,362 ft) branch connected Holborn to the Strand. Most of the route was in a pair of tunnels, but 1.1 kilometres (0.68 mi) at the western end was constructed above ground. Within the first year of opening it became apparent to the management and investors that the estimated passenger numbers for the GNP&BR and the other UERL lines were over-optimistic. Despite improved integration and cooperation with the other tube railways, the GNP&BR struggled financially. In 1933 it and the rest of the UERL were taken into public ownership. Today, the GNP&BR's tunnels and stations form the core central section of the London Underground's Piccadilly line.

Recently selected: Ofotbanen - Rail transport in Vatican City - Asker Line

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NR class locomotive shunting at the Melbourne Steel Terminal

A Pacific National NR class locomotive hard at work shunting at the Melbourne, Australia, steel terminal in 2006. Locomotives of this class were the only locomotives ordered new by National Rail, which is the origin of the NR class name.

Recently selected: ATSF Kansas City yard - Rigi-Bahnen rail cars - 1889 Paris Exposition train

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Did you know...

...that the opening ceremonies of the Galway to Clifden railway were very sparsely attended because the event date was a strict church holiday and was reserved for attending church services?
...that following heavy damage to the Galveston Island Trolley track and cars from Hurricane Ike in 2008, substitute service with replica buses was operated until service resumed in October 2021?
...that although the former Santa Fe Railway's Galesburg station was demolished after regular passenger service to the station ended in 1996, the site is still used if derailments cause trains to use the Chillicothe Subdivision instead of the Mendota Subdivision?
...that the Fuzhou–Xiamen railway, which opened in 2010, was so heavily used that it reached capacity in 2015, spurring construction on the parallel Fuzhou–Xiamen high-speed railway for CRH passenger train services?

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Selected anniversaries

March 31

1842 – The Middleton Junction and Oldham Branch Railway opens to Werneth in northwest England.
1924 – American Car and Foundry acquires Pacific Car and Foundry.
1980 – The Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (the Rock Island Railroad) ceases operations.
2005 – Kawasaki Rail Car is awarded a $499 million order to build 340 new commuter coaches and power cars for PATH (pictured) in New York and New Jersey; the order is part of a plan to completely replace PATH's entire fleet of cars.

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Train News

Santa Fe No. 2926 at Albuquerque, New Mexico
July 24, 2021 – Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe No. 2926, a 4-8-4 steam locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944, moves under its own power for the first time since Christmas Eve of 1953, after nearly twenty-two years of being rebuilt by volunteers. The locomotive will be put into mainline excursion service. (NMSL&RHS, Trains Magazine on Facebook)
Big Boy No. 4012 at Steamtown National Historic Site
May 5, 2021 – Steamtown National Historic Site completes thorough cosmetic overhaul on Union Pacific 4-8-8-4 Big Boy No. 4012, which is moved back on static display before National Train Day. (NEPA Scene)
The derailed Taroko Express trainset, as seen from outside the entrance to the tunnel
April 2, 2021 – 2021 Hualien train derailment – A Taroko Express train operated by the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) derails at the north entrance of Qingshui Tunnel in Heren Section, Xiulin Township, Hualien County, Taiwan, killing 49 people and injuring at least 200 others. North of Hualien City a construction truck had fallen down a slope onto the tracks. The eight-carriage train derailed after colliding with the truck, and then came to a rest in the tunnel, with severe damage and many casualties. (Bloomberg, CNN, CNA, New York Times, Financial Times)

The preserved C&O 1309 at the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Museum in October 2009

December 31, 2020 – Following a complete restoration, Chesapeake and Ohio 1309, a 2-6-6-2 Mallet locomotive built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1949, the last steam locomotive built by Baldwin for the North American market, is operated under its own power for test runs. When returned to service on the Western Maryland Scenic Railroad, it will be the largest steam locomotive in regular scheduled service in the United States and take 2-8-0 No. 734’s place as the largest active steam locomotive in the state of Maryland. (Trains.com Newswire)

An Avelia Liberty train on a test run in Delaware in May 2020

September 28, 2020 – Amtrak operates a test run using one of the 28 new Avelia Liberty trains manufactured by Alstom along the full length of the Northeast Corridor to Boston South Station. Previous test runs had occurred from Washington, D.C., only as far north as New Jersey and Delaware. Barring any problems, the trains are expected to enter regular service on the route in 2021. (Universal Hub)

Berryessa/North San José station on the first day of service

June 13, 2020 – The Bay Area Rapid Transit Silicon Valley BART extension opened its stations in Milpitas and North San Jose. (San Jose Spotlight, SF Gate)

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General images

The following are images from various train-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1The first useful diesel locomotive (a diesel–electric) for long distances, the SŽD Eel2, 1924 in Kyiv (from Locomotive)
Image 2US-style railroad truck (bogie) with journal bearings (from Train)
Image 3A narrow gauge train in Austria (from Train)
Image 4Soviet RT-23 Molodets ICBM launch train, in the St Petersburg museum (from Railroad car)
Image 5Workington stabling point in 1981, with locomotives from Classes 25, 40 and 47 parked between duties. (from Rail yard)
Image 6RegioCitadis light rail train in Zoetermeer (the Netherlands). (from Train)
Image 7Typical American extended vision caboose (from Railroad car)
Image 8Restored clerestory cars on display at the Mid-Continent Railway Museum in North Freedom, Wisconsin (from Railroad car)
Image 9Baltimore & Ohio electric engine, 1895 (from Locomotive)
Image 10Stockton and Darlington special inaugural train 1825: six wagons of coal, directors coach, then people in wagons. (from Train)
Image 11A number of maintenance vehicles at work on Metro-North Railroad (from Train)
Image 12Schedule of train departure times in Indonesia stations (from Train)
Image 13The Union Pacific Big Boy locomotives represented the pinnacle of steam locomotive technology and power. (from Train)
Image 14A freight car (boxcar type) for the South Australian Railways, 1926 (from Railroad car)
Image 15A preserved armored train (from Train)
Image 16The New Orleans Streetcar System is the oldest in the world. (from Train)
Image 17Werner von Siemens experimental DC electric train, 1879 (from Locomotive)
Image 18A large Amtrak and Metra coach yard just south of Chicago Union Station. About 25 percent of all rail traffic in the United States travels through the Chicago area. (from Rail yard)
Image 19The 1887 Daimler draisine (from Locomotive)
Image 20A Union Pacific freight train; high clearances enable double-stacked containers to be carried in well cars. (from Train)
Image 21China operates an extensive high speed rail network. (from Train)
Image 22Yard for Amtrak equipment, located next to the Los Angeles River. The two tracks on the left are the mainline. (from Rail yard)
Image 23Armored train Hurban located in Zvolen, Slovakia (from Railroad car)
Image 24A British Rail Class 150 in the United Kingdom (from Railroad car)
Image 25Most derailments, such as this one in Switzerland, are minor and do not cause injuries or damage. (from Train)
Image 26An interior of a Circle line S7 Stock in London (from Railroad car)
Image 27The EMD FT set the stage for diesel locomotives to take over from steam. (from Train)
Image 28Second-class compartment of a China Railways CRH1A-A train (from Train)
Image 29Arrival of the Normandy Train, Gare Saint-Lazare, by Claude Monet, 1877, Art Institute of Chicago (from Train)
Image 30A gas turbine locomotive operated by the Union Pacific Railroad (from Train)
Image 31The Japanese 0 Series Shinkansen pioneered high speed rail service. (from Train)
Image 32Southern Railway (UK) 20002 was equipped with both a pantograph and contact shoes. (from Locomotive)
Image 33A prototype of a Ganz AC electric locomotive in Valtellina, Italy, 1901 (from Locomotive)
Image 34Garratt locomotives in Zimbabwe (from Train)
Image 35A China Railways HXD1D electric locomotive in China (from Locomotive)
Image 36A wooden toy train set from Swedish manufacturer Brio (from Train)
Image 37British Rail Mark 3 coach, an all-steel car from the 1970s (from Railroad car)
Image 38Inside a modern-day car from Finland (from Railroad car)
Image 39Trains carrying hazardous materials display information identifying their cargo and hazards. This tank car carrying chlorine displays, among other markings, a U.S. DOT placard showing a UN number that identifies the hazardous substance. (from Train)
Image 40A Tokyo Monorail train (from Train)
Image 41Bombardier ALP-45DP, at the Innotrans convention in Berlin (from Locomotive)
Image 42Electric train on Djursholmsbanan in Stockholm in the 1890s. (from Train)
Image 43The "hump" of a hump yard. Railcars travel past retarders, which control their speed, and are directed onto tracks to be assembled into new trains. The control tower operates the retarders. (from Rail yard)
Image 44A London Underground battery–electric locomotive used for hauling engineers' trains, at West Ham station (from Locomotive)
Image 45A coach yard in Shanghai, China (from Rail yard)
Image 46A narrow-gauge battery–electric locomotive used for mining (from Locomotive)
Image 47Various types of railroad cars in a classification yard in the United States (from Train)
Image 48This map of Cedar Hill Yard in Connecticut shows a variety of different facilities, including receiving yards, departure yards, classification yards, and a repair yard. (from Rail yard)
Image 49The ESS 200 electric locomotive was introduced in 1925 in the Dutch East Indies, now Indonesia. (from Locomotive)
Image 50A Victorian Railways R class steam locomotive in Australia (from Locomotive)
Image 51This cab car includes a horn (top), a bell (top right), headlights (above the door), classification lights (red lights on side), and ditch lights (white lights on side). (from Train)
Image 52A Metropolitan line S8 Stock at Amersham in London (from Railroad car)